Gas Optimization Techniques for DeFi Contracts

BuidlGuidl's ETH Techtree competition ranked runtime gas efficiency as its core benchmark. Four techniques reduce costs: Lazy Accounting & Accumulator Patterns, Storage Slot Packing & Bitmasking, Batching & Execution Amortization, and Lightweight Temporal State Machines. Lazy accounting replaces O(N) loops with O(1) operations, cutting distribution costs to roughly 2,100 to 5,000 gas per event.