Researchers Develop Low-Voltage Hydrogen Electrode

A team led by professors Jongmin Choi and Younghoon Kim developed a photoelectrode using hydrophilic molecules and aqueous electrophoretic deposition. This method reduces voltage from 200 V to 4 V and coats the electrode in three minutes without toxic solvents. The device achieved a photocurrent density of 3.0 mA/cm² and retained 65.1% performance after two hours, published in Small (2026).