End-to-End Encryption and "Going Dark"

A new paper analyzes Round 3 of the Going Dark Debate, focusing on end-to-end encryption (E2EE). It identifies five technically distinct E2EE scenarios with different lawful access implications and shows E2EE is embedded throughout the modern tech stack, including in Transport Layer Security, Secure Shell, Virtual Private Networks, and Zero Trust Architecture, the last now legally required under U.S. and EU law.